The verbs "monter", "descendre", and "passer" can be either transitive or intransitive. Their meaning changes depending on whether they are transitive or intransitive.
Intransitive verbs
When used intransitively, these verbs do not require a direct object and generally express movement by the subject itself.
- L'ascenseur monte au troisième étage. (The elevator goes up to the third floor.)
- Nous descendons au sous-sol. (We go down to the basement.)
- Elle passe devant la maison. (She passes in front of the house.)
Transitive verbs
When used transitively, "monter", "descendre", and "passer" take a direct object, indicating that the action is performed on something or someone.
- Il monte les escaliers. (He goes up the stairs.)
- Nous descendons les valises. (We bring down the suitcases.)
- Elle passe le message. (She passes the message.)
Être or Avoir in the passé composé?
- L'ascenseur monte au troisième étage. → Il est monté au troisième étage. (The elevator goes up to the third floor. → It went up to the third floor.)
- Nous descendons au sous-sol. → Nous sommes descendus au sous-sol. (We go down to the basement. → We went down to the basement.)
- Elle passe devant la maison. → Elle est passée devant la maison. (She passes in front of the house. → She passed in front of the house.)
- Il monte les escaliers. → Il a monté les escaliers. (He goes up the stairs. → He went up the stairs.)
- Nous descendons les valises. → Nous avons descendu les valises. (We bring down the suitcases. → We brought down the suitcases.)
- Elle passe le message. → Elle a passé le message. (She passes the message. → She passed the message.)